Policy Study and Stunting Prevention in Surabaya

Abstract

Background: Nutritional Status Survey in 2017 showed prevalence of stunting toddlers in Indonesia was
still high, which was 29,6% above the limitation determined by WHO (20%).8 Conducted study by Ricardo
in Bhutta in 2013 stated that stunting toddler contributed against 1,5 million (15%) of toddler mortality in the
world and caused 55 millions of children had lost their healthy life time every year..2 Result of Basic health
research (Riskesdas) in 2013 stated that condition of consuming food for pregnant woman and toddlers in
2016-2017 showed in Indonesia, 1 from 5 pregnant women was malnutrition. Decrease of stunting rate
only reached 4% in 1992 until 2013. Presidential Regulation number 42/2013 had determined National
Movement of First Thousand Days of Life for increasing toddler’s nutritional status that was followed by
development program, including its budget.7
Method: This research was mix method research, which was a step in the research by combining two kinds
of approaches, qualitative and quantitative. Besides, this research utilized gradual mix technique. Population
in this research was Public Health Centers in Surabaya area. Meanwhile, the sample was all of policyholders
in Surabaya, who were Head of Public Health Centers and midwives. This research utilized data analysis
in gradual qualitative-quantitative. Not conflict of interest, source of funding self and ethical clearance
taken from committee ethic.Hence, the analysis was conducted on qualitative data, then, it was followed by
quantitative data.
Result and Analysis: Public Health Center of Pucang Surabaya still had the highest stunting rate among 10
Public Health Centers. Public Health Center of Tanah Kali Kedinding Surabaya had quite high increasing
rate against stunting from 2017 until 2018. Almost all programs were appropriate with 1000 HPK (1000
first day of life) guidelines in area of Public Health Centers Surabaya that had been done by the midwives.
According to FGD result, regulation and policies which were related to 1000 HPK, particularly for regulation
of exclusive breast milk and PMBA which had been quite many either in was statute law, Government
Regulation, Minister of Health Regulation, Decree of Minister of Health, or Regional Regulation. Handling
stunting was done by synergy among central government, regional government, entrepreneur and community
organization. High commitment from all health professions was much needed so that it could be able to
hasten the decrease of stunting.
Conclusion and Suggestion: the implementation of 1000 HPK program had been conducted as an effort
in reducing stunting rate. However, stunting problem still had not been solved. Therefore, it was needed
cooperation mutually in cross sector for handling stunting problem, particularly in Surabaya City, East Java
Province, Indonesia.