Assessment of Cardiovascular Markers Inpatients with Type 2 Diabetes Who Smoke Cigarette

Abstract

Background: diabetes and smoking were known serious factors for developing cardiovascular and other
abnormalities threaten wellbeing.
Objective: to estimate the impact of smoking and diabetes on cardiovascular disease (CVD) markers.
Methods: 44 type 2 diabetes never smoke compared to 32 type 2 diabetes currently smoking and 30 healthy
subjects, lipids, apolipoprotein, lp(a), CK-MB Troponin, MDA, and MPO were measured in participants.
Results: FPG, Lp(a) and MDA were higher in patients than controls (p>0.01). In addition, Lp(a) and MDA
were higher in SDM than DM (p>0.05). Moreover, CVD markers were higher in smoker’s patients with
diabetes (SDM) who were overweight or hypercholesterolemia than others (p>0.01). Furthermore, Lp(a)
was increased gradually and correlate directly with diabetes in all three-period settings in the study (p>0.05).
Conclusion: smoking increased the risk of CVD in Sudanese type diabetes, the risk was increased with
overweight, hypercholesterolemia and become serious in a long period of diabetes.